What is the hash function in network security?
Excuse me, could you elaborate on the role of the hash function in the realm of network security? How does it contribute to ensuring the integrity and security of data as it traverses various systems and networks? What are the key properties that make hash functions indispensable in safeguarding against unauthorized access or tampering?
What are prime and relatively prime numbers in cryptography and network security?
Could you elaborate on the role of prime and relatively prime numbers in cryptography and network security? How are they utilized to ensure the safety and security of data transmission and storage? What specific advantages do they offer over other mathematical constructs in this context? Additionally, could you provide some examples of their application in real-world cryptographic systems?